Leaf for books.



P. HANSEN.

LEAF FOR BOOKS.

A PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP 6.

. 91 1,039. I Patented Feb. 2, 1909.

\ II///////////////M UNIT D sTArEs PATENT OFFICE.

PETER HANSEN,- OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, AssIeNoR To I. s. MoDONALD oOMPANY, or oHIoAeo,

- ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINoIs.

LEAF FOR BOOKS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 2, 1909 Application filed May 18, 1905. Serial No. 261,043.

ers, and its object is to provide the portion of the leaves in the transverse plane of the hinge of the covers of the book with greater flexibility, so that, when the book is opened, the leaves will not open up fan-fashion, but will lie flat against each other and be capable of easier manipulation by the accountant or person inspecting them. This I accomplish in the manner and by the means hereinafter fully described, and as particularly pointed out in the claims. A

In the drawings :Figure 1 is a plan view of a leaf embodying my invention. Figs. 2,

3, 4 and 5 are diagrammatical views illus trating respectively the succeeding steps in the process or method of making the same.

My improvement consists in taking aleaf A of a book made of sized paper, such as employed in account books, and books of various kinds in which written records are made, and rendering morefleXible a portion thereof between the transverse dotted lines a, a, located as shown in the drawings, near the rear clamped or bound edges of the leaf, in the transverse plane of the hinge of the covers of the books, which I hereinafter designate the hinge or flexed portion.

It is old to disintegrate the sizing of the leaf by folding or creasing the leaf, and also by providing said leaf with a series of such folds or creases, but this causes a well defined break in the paper fiber, and is an element of weakness which is to be avoided. It is also old to disintegrate the sizing without destroying the flexed surface for writing purposes, by bending the paper back upon itself and breaking the sizing first on one side and then the other over and around a small rounded surface, as, forinstance, a wire, but this method does not give the page a neat appearance and in places creates the well defined fold or crease, particularly at the mar.- gins of the flexed transverse portion,

which it is one of the objects of my invention to avoid.

My invention involves the rearrangement of the fiber of the paper and of the molecular disposition. of the said fiber of the hinge of the leaf by subjecting the same to the action of a roller B, revolving first in one direction and then the other, and engaging the surface of the paper as it passes over the straight edge of a suitable bar or blade 0, whereby the tissue or fiber of the paper next the concave side thereof is broken up by being crowded in toward the center of the bend made by it as it passes around the edge of said blade, and the fiber of the convexed surface is strained, stretched and torn asunder. The leaf is subjected to this treatment,'first on one side, and then on the reverse side, and at the same time, the effect stated is being produced, the action of the roller against the paper as it draws it around said edge gathers minute irregular corrugations in the loosened fiber of the hinge of the leaf, and crowds more material between the longitudinal sides of the hinge, as demonstrated by a slight reduction in the length of the treated leaf when compared to that of an untreated leaf of the same original dimensions as the former. The apparatus for flexing the leavesinthis manner is made the subjectmatter of a separate application filed in my name June19, 1905, Serial No. 265,921. As this machine is quite complicated it is deemed sulficient to show, by diagrammatical views, a portion of the essential elements thereof or enough to give a clear idea of the method employed.

In the drawings I show two blades C, C,

of suitable construction, each having the edge engaged by the roller made thin, and two of the kneading rollers. The rollers B, B, are arrangedparallel to each other, preferably in the same vertical plane, and the blades 0 are arranged flat-wise; one on one side and the other on the other side of a horizontal plane striking midway between the rollers B. These blades have a transverse movement to and from the rollers, and the portion of the upper surface of the upper blade adjacent to the edge of the upper roller, and the marginal portion of the under surface of the under blade adjacent to and engaged by the lower roller are conoaved so that the said rollers can engage the edges of the blades at a point, preferably, at or near the vertical plane intersecting their axes, so that the paper may, at the point of engagement of the rollers and blades be bent back over itself upon the thin edge of the latter, and present a comparatively sharp angle to the rollers.

In operation the leaf is fed in between the blades, while said blades are at the end of their movement farthest from the rollers, so that the end portion of the leaf nearest the rollers extends beyond the engaged edges of the blade to an extent corresponding to the distance from the rear confined edge of the leaf to the flexed transverse portion or hinge of the same, substantially as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. The blades and the paper between them are then simultaneously moved towards the rollers, and, as they do so, the extended end of the leaf is raised and folded back over the upper blade. When the up er blade comes into operative contact with. t 1e advancing edge of the upper roller, the engaging surface of the latter revolves towards the blade and presses towards it and at the same time draws the leaf over said edge to an extent equal to the width of the flexed portion or hinge of the leaf. It then reverses its rotative movement and moves in'the opposite direction, and engages and moves the leaf in the opposite direction back to its original relative position. During this backward movement of the leaf, it is not permitted to become slack around the engaging edge of the blade, but is kept taut in any suitable manner, substantially as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings. The blades and leaf then recede from the rollers, and during this retrograde movement the ex tended portion of the leaf is moved down ward and folded under the lower blade, substantially as shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings, whereupon the leaf and blades move towards the rollers again, and the lower roller and the lower blade engage the opposite side of the leaf, substantially in the same manner as hereinbefore described, and as shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings, whereupon the leaf and the blades recede to their original positions, the leaf is removed, and another leaf is fed to the machine as stated, and treated in like manner.

What I claim as new is 1. The method of treating sized pa )er for leaves for boo s to render it more flexible over a limited area than elsewhere, consisting of flexing the paper around a stationary body, drawing the paper forward through a limited distance, and engaging and compressing the same at the place of flexing between a revolving body, and said stationary body.

2. The method of treating sized paper for leaves for books to render it more flexible over a limited area than elsewhere, consisting of flexing the paper around a stationary body, drawing the paper forward through a limited distance, and engaging and compressing the same at the place of flexing, between a revolving body and said stationary body, and then drawing the paper back again to its original position and compressing it at its place of flexing by said revolving and stationary body.

3. The method of treating sized paper for leaves for books to render it more flexible over a limited area than elsewhere, consisting of flexing the paper around a stationary body, drawing the paper forward through a limited distance, and engaging and compressing the same at the place of flexing between a revolving body and said stationary body first on one side of the paper and then the other side.

4. The method of treating sized paper for leaves for books to render it more flexible over a limited area than elsewhere, consisting of flexing the paper around a stationary body, drawing the paper forward through a limited distance, and engaging and compressing the same at the place of flexing, between a revolving body and said stationary body, and then drawing the paper back again in its original position and compressing it atits place of flexing by said revolving and stationary body and then subjecting the othet side of the paper to the same treatment.

in testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this Sth day of May, A. 1)., 1905.

PETER HANSEN.

Witnesses:

FRANK D. THOMASON, E. K. LUNDY. 

